Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism originated in Asia. Buddhism, established in India, emphasizes the attainment of nirvana through the following of an eight-fold path of virtuous behavior. Daoism, created in China, emphasizes harmony and balance in nature, as well as adherence to the Dao, or way of the universe. Confucianism, which lacks a belief in a higher power or deity, teaches the attainment of peace through social order and strictly defined relationships and behavior. These three traditions have influenced daily life and culture in East Asian societies.

You will be assigned topics that reflect three belief systems in East Asian societies. Assuming the point of view of Laozi, Confucius, the Buddha, or their followers, use what you have learned to participate in a panel discussion in which you address the similarities and differences of your belief systems. To prepare for the discussion, you will research the central principles of Daoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism.

Look at the photograph below. Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.

The Great Buddha of Kamakura, located in Japan.

• This statue survived a massive tidal wave that swept away surrounding buildings. What affect do you think its survival might have had on the faith of Buddhists?
• What does the pose of the statue suggest about the qualities emphasized in Buddhist teachings?

Use the Daily Life through History articles listed on the right to research answers to the following questions. You should answer the questions from the perspective of your assigned spiritual leader.

• Should a child obey their parents, no matter the situation? Why?
• How should a person attain fulfillment and happiness in life?
• Are material possessions helpful in reaching personal fulfillment? Why?
• Are strict rules and a set social hierarchy necessary in a peaceful and harmonious society?
• Does modern American society fall short of your beliefs? How?
• With which of your fellow spiritual leaders do you most agree? Disagree? Why?

Use the 3-Column Table to organize your information. Use the column headings Daoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. In each column, write details about the moral principles, practices, and cultural influences of each belief system, for example denounces material desires. Decide which group member(s) will represent your assigned belief system in the panel discussion.

Prepare written responses to the above questions. Your teacher will moderate the discussion. Remember that your answers should be consistent with what you have learned about Confucianism, Daoism, or Buddhism.

Your teacher will use these questions to assess your performance:

• Did your answers reflect the tenets and traditions of your assigned belief system?
• Did you ensure that your statements were backed up by facts?
• Did you use appropriate tone and language?
• Did you actively participate in the panel discussion?